Analyses

Share

The blind spot in EU visa policy

Weltweit setzen sich mutige Menschen für Menschenrechte ein und riskieren dabei oftmals ihre Freiheit, sogar ihr Leben. Menschenrechtsverteidiger*innen sollten deshalb geschützt werden und einfacher in der EU Zuflucht finden können. In vielen Fällen können temporäre Visa für die EU Leben retten und verfolgte Menschenrechtsverteidiger*innen vor autoritären Regierungen oder paramilitärischen Gruppen schützen. Doch weil die Verfahren in den Botschaften der EU unterschiedlich sind und zudem sehr bürokratisch, ist es für viele Aktivist*innen schwer, Visa zu bekommen.

Nach Angaben von Amnesty International ist ein großes Problem die offensichtliche Diskrepanz zwischen dem politischen und konsularischen Personal innerhalb der jeweiligen Botschaft. Für LGBTQIA+-Aktivist*innen ist es zudem oft unmöglich, ihre gleichgeschlechtlichen Lebenspartner*innen als Familienmitglieder anerkennen zu lassen, damit sie ebenfalls einreisen können.

Einen Asylantrag zu stellen, ist für die meisten Menschrechtsverteidiger*innen keine Alternative. Dies ginge schlicht an ihrer Lebensrealität vorbei

In 2019 alone, more than 300 human rights defenders were killed worldwide, and the number of environmental activists murdered has almost doubled in the last fifteen years. In such a climate of violence, the EU needs a reliable visa policy that guarantees protection without red tape.

The case of a Turkish human rights defender

One example of the problems of EU visa policy comes from Frontline Defenders: The 25-year-old Turkish LGBTQI activist Özgür Gür was not given an entry permit to the Schengen zone although he had been invited to the European Parliament. The Belgian authorities did not grant the application, probably because the Turkish government had charged the activist on grounds of terrorism because of his involvement in a LGBT-protest. Özgür is on trial for protesting LGBTI rights - EU must support human rights defenders like him!

That is why I put a parliamentary question to the Commission:

The Commission's reply is disappointing

The answer shows what is wrong. For one thing, there are no separate procedures for human rights defenders* to enter the country, since the same visa rules apply to them as to everyone else. Secondly, the European Commission does not acknowledge the problem at all: For them there is no need for improvement. This is more than disappointing.

Therefore, I demand:

1. the Visa Code Manual needs to be amended so that the specific protection of human rights defenders is taken into account in the visa decision

2. there should be a reference to visa facilitation in the EU Guidelines on Human Rights Defenders*.

3) External agencies that carry out the visa process for Member States must raise awareness among their staff and provide training on the needs and situations of human rights defenders.

Latest Articles